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Vertigo

Vertigo

Vertigo may be defined as the false sensation that the body or environment is moving.

The table below lists the main characteristics of the most important causes of vertigo

Disorder Notes
Viral labyrinthitis Recent viral infection , Sudden onset , Nausea and vomiting , Hearing may be affected
Vestibular neuronitis Recent viral infection , Recurrent vertigo attacks lasting hours or days , No hearing loss
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo Gradual onset , Triggered by change in head position , Each episode lasts 10-20 seconds
Meniere's disease Associated with hearing loss, tinnitus and sensation of fullness or pressure in one or both ears
Vertebrobasilar ischaemia Elderly patient , Dizziness on extension of neck
Acoustic neuroma Hearing loss, vertigo, tinnitus , Absent corneal reflex is important sign , Associated with neurofibromatosis type 2

Other causes of vertigo include
- posterior circulation stroke - trauma - multiple sclerosis - ototoxicity e.g. gentamicin