Embryology of HPB
- Both insulin and glucagon can be detected in the fetal circulation by the fourth or fifth month of fetal development.
Bile Duct Development Timeline (Carnegie Stages)
20 - 27 Days (Post Fertilization)
- Stage XII:
- Hepatic diverticulum arises from the foregut.
- Protrudes into the mesenchyme of the septum transversum.
28 - 41 Days
- Stage XVIII:
- Completion of a "funnel-like" extrahepatic duct abutting the amorphous liver anlage.
- Gallbladder becomes visible later.
42 - 56 Days
- Hepatoblasts identifiable in the liver.
- Early cholangiocyte transformation.
57 - 70 Days
- Formation of ductal plate and intrahepatic bile ducts.
12 Weeks Onward
- On-going selection and deletion of intrahepatic bile ducts away from the porta.
- Formation & Transport of BILE.
